Tag: injection
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‘Killer’ nurse Lucy Letby ‘used a slow injection of air’ on a premature baby boy, ‘causing a near-fatal collapse’
A SLOW injection of air caused the sudden collapse of a baby boy allegedly harmed by a nurse, a court heard.
Lucy Letby, 33, is accused of trying to kill the child in April 2016 while he was being treated at the Countess of Chester Hospital.
Lucy Letby is accused with killing seven babies, and attempting to kill ten more[/caption]
Letby worked in the neo-natal unit at the Countess of Chester Hospital[/caption]
Expert witness Dr Dewi Evans said he believes air “trickled” into the infant’s circulation via a connecting port on his intravenous drip.
He told Manchester Crown Court it could have taken “several minutes” for it to take effect before the youngster, Child M, rapidly deteriorated and almost died as staff battled for nearly 30 minutes to revive him.
Letby, is accused of trying to kill Child M on the afternoon of April 9 2016 while he was being treated in nursery room one on the Countess of Chester Hospital’s neonatal unit.
The defendant co-signed for an antibiotic given via a port on the drip at 3.45pm – 15 minutes before Child M stopped breathing followed by a dip in his heart rate and oxygen levels.
Letby was near the doorway of room one, helping a colleague prepare medication for Child M’s twin brother, when the alarm sounded at 4pm, the court heard on Thursday.
Consultant paediatrician Dr Evans said using a syringe to inject air via a port would be slower than a direct injection into the bloodstream.
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Prosecutor Nick Johnson KC asked: “Would it follow, if someone chose to do it that way, they would not necessarily be standing over the baby at the time of the collapse?”
Dr Evans replied: “Yes, because you would not necessarily get an instant collapse.
“It could have occurred over several minutes.”
Ben Myers KC, defending, said: “If there was air in his system sufficient to cause cardiac arrest, there is not going to be a recovery as rapid as this within 30 minutes.”
Dr Evans said: “I disagree with that.
“The resuscitation was absolutely incredible.
“This was a very, very robust period of resuscitation that was required.
“This is something that is fairly consistent with a baby having air into the circulation, I can’t think of any other cause.
“The volume required is pretty small, no nurse or doctor would allow a bubble of air into the circulation.”
Dr Evans said any bubbles would disappear if cardiac massage was carried out.
Mr Myers put it to Dr Evans that he no had empirical research to support his opinion that air could vanish within 30 minutes.
Dr Evans said he relied on his knowledge of “basic anatomy and physiology”.
Mr Myers went on: “You don’t know as a matter of fact how much air is required to cause a collapse?”
Dr Evans replied: “No. ‘Very little’ is all I can say.”
Letby, originally from Hereford, denies murdering seven babies and the attempted murders of 10 others between June 2015 and June 2016.
The trial continues on Friday.
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Juul’s Latest Cash Injection Staves Off Bankruptcy, for Now
Juul, the vape industry giant that found itself a puff away from business death earlier this year, has managed to secure enough financing to avoid bankruptcy. Its temporary survival, however, will cost the company nearly a third of its workforce.
Twitter Pranksters Derail GPT-3 Bot With Newly Discovered ‘Prompt Injection’ Hack
This recent hack came just four days after data researcher Riley Goodside discovered the ability to prompt GPT-3 with “malicious inputs” that order the model to ignore its previous directions and do something else instead. AI researcher Simon Willison posted an overview of the exploit on his blog the following day, coining the term “prompt injection” to describe it. “The exploit is present any time anyone writes a piece of software that works by providing a hard-coded set of prompt instructions and then appends input provided by a user,” Willison told Ars. “That’s because the user can type ‘Ignore previous instructions and (do this instead).'”
The concept of an injection attack is not new. Security researchers have known about SQL injection, for example, which can execute a harmful SQL statement when asking for user input if it’s not guarded against. But Willison expressed concern about mitigating prompt injection attacks, writing, “I know how to beat XSS, and SQL injection, and so many other exploits. I have no idea how to reliably beat prompt injection!” The difficulty in defending against prompt injection comes from the fact that mitigations for other types of injection attacks come from fixing syntax errors, noted a researcher named Glyph on Twitter. “Correct the syntax and you’ve corrected the error. Prompt injection isn’t an error! There’s no formal syntax for AI like this, that’s the whole point.” GPT-3 is a large language model created by OpenAI, released in 2020, that can compose text in many styles at a level similar to a human. It is available as a commercial product through an API that can be integrated into third-party products like bots, subject to OpenAI’s approval. That means there could be lots of GPT-3-infused products out there that might be vulnerable to prompt injection.
Read more of this story at Slashdot.